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Related Concept Videos

Body Planes01:06

Body Planes

15.9K
Body planes in anatomy are imaginary flat surfaces used as reference points to divide the body into sections for anatomical study. These planes are essential for understanding the orientation, relationships, and spatial organization of anatomical structures.
The sagittal plane is the plane that divides the body or an organ vertically into right and left sides. If this vertical plane runs directly down the middle of the body resulting in equal division, it is called the midsagittal or median...
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Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature

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The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
Regions of the Vertebral Column
In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
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Anatomical Movements00:51

Anatomical Movements

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Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described using specific terms to provide a standardized way of discussing and understanding the range of motion at different joints.
Here are some common anatomical movements:
Flexion and extension motions are in the sagittal (anterior–posterior) plane of motion. These movements take place at the shoulder, hip, elbow, knee, wrist,...
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Anatomical Positions01:11

Anatomical Positions

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In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These positions help provide a common frame of reference when discussing anatomical structures. The anatomical position is the standard reference point for describing the body's position and orientation. In this position:
The body is upright, facing forward, and standing erect.
The feet are parallel and flat on the floor.
The arms are hanging by the...
10.5K
Articulations of the Vertebral Column01:28

Articulations of the Vertebral Column

2.0K
In addition to being held together by the intervertebral discs, adjacent vertebrae also articulate with each other at synovial joints formed between the superior and inferior articular processes called zygapophysial joints (facet joints). These are plane joints that provide for only limited motions between the vertebrae. The orientation of the articular processes at these joints varies in different regions of the vertebral column and serves to determine the types of motions available in each...
2.0K
Overview of the Axial Skeleton01:09

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

5.5K
The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
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Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

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Sagittal Alignment Concepts and Spinopelvic Parameters.

Cristiano Magalhães Menezes1,2, Gabriel Carvalho Lacerda1,2, Santiago Lamarca1,2

  • 1Serviço de Cirurgia da Coluna, Hospital Ortopédico, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

Revista Brasileira De Ortopedia
|March 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Understanding global spinal alignment is crucial for treating spinal conditions. Knowledge of spinopelvic parameters improves patient care for pain and deformities.

Keywords:
sagittal alignmentspinal fusionspine/surgeryspinopelvic parameters

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Precision Measurements and Parametric Models of Vertebral Endplates
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Spinal Surgery
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Spinal surgery is advancing to treat patients with pain and deformities.
  • Knowledge of global spinal alignment has significantly increased over the last decade.
  • This knowledge needs broader dissemination among general orthopedists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the critical role of global spinal alignment in managing spinal pathologies.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding spinopelvic alignment in spinal disease treatment.
  • To underscore the necessity of integrating spinopelvic parameters into orthopedic practice.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on spinal alignment and biomechanics.
  • Analysis of the impact of pathological conditions on spinal alignment.
  • Discussion of the application of spinopelvic parameters in clinical practice.

Main Results:

  • Global spinal alignment is fundamental for understanding and treating spinal conditions like degenerative diseases, traumas, and deformities.
  • Spinopelvic alignment knowledge is essential for spinal instrumentation and arthrodesis.
  • Understanding sagittal alignment and spinopelvic parameters enhances comprehension of the axial and appendicular skeletons.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive knowledge of spinopelvic alignment is vital for effective spinal disease management.
  • Biomechanics and spinal alignment are integral to understanding musculoskeletal system function.
  • Integrating spinopelvic parameters improves the understanding of physiological and adaptive spinal processes, especially in aging populations.