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The concept of subconscious awareness refers to the processing of information below the level of conscious thought, which significantly influences both behaviors and decisions. It is also known as waking subconscious awareness. This complex level of cognition operates without the direct awareness of the individual, facilitating rapid and simultaneous handling of multiple information streams.
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Tracking auditory mismatch negativity responses during full conscious state and coma.

Adianes Herrera-Diaz1,2, Rober Boshra3, Paniz Tavakoli1

  • 1Centre for Advanced Research in Experimental and Applied Linguistics (ARiEAL), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

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Summary

Mismatch negativity (MMN) reliably detects brain responses in healthy individuals over time. In comatose patients, MMN detectability fluctuates, underscoring the need for repeated assessments to predict coma emergence.

Keywords:
brain injurycomadisorder of consciousnessevent-related potentials (ERP)mismatch negativity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurophysiology

Background:

  • The mismatch negativity (MMN) is an electrophysiological brain response.
  • It reflects change detection and is valuable for monitoring consciousness after severe brain injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate MMN detectability fluctuations over time in healthy controls and comatose patients.
  • To determine if MMN fluctuations are characteristic of full consciousness or coma.

Main Methods:

  • Auditory multi-deviant oddball paradigm.
  • Tracking MMN responses in 17 healthy controls (12-h) and 3 comatose patients (24-h).
  • Analysis using visual inspection, permutation t-test, and Bayesian analysis.

Main Results:

  • MMN responses to duration deviants were reliably detected in healthy controls over hours at group and single-subject levels.
  • Preliminary findings in comatose patients showed MMN presence, with detectability varying from easily detectable to undetectable over time.
  • MMN fluctuations were observed in comatose patients, suggesting variability within individuals.

Conclusions:

  • MMN responses are stable over time in healthy individuals.
  • MMN detectability can fluctuate in comatose patients, highlighting the importance of repeated assessments.
  • Regular MMN assessments are crucial for predicting coma emergence.