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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing
08:23

CIRCLE-Seq for Interrogation of Off-Target Gene Editing

Published on: November 1, 2024

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Off-target effects in CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing.

Congting Guo1,2, Xiaoteng Ma3, Fei Gao3

  • 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|March 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene editing, particularly CRISPR/Cas9 technology, offers precise DNA modification for treating diseases. Managing unintended off-target effects is crucial for advancing safe and effective gene therapy applications.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas9Cas9/sgRNA complexgene editinggene therapyoff-target effects

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Gene editing enables precise alterations in nucleic acid sequences.
  • The CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized gene editing, making it efficient and programmable.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 holds promise for treating genetic and non-genetic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review technological advancements in detecting and managing CRISPR/Cas9 off-target effects.
  • To discuss current challenges in ensuring the precision of gene editing for therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Summarizing methods developed for nominating and detecting CRISPR/Cas9 off-target sites.
  • Reviewing upgrades to CRISPR/Cas9 derivatives aimed at enhancing precision.

Main Results:

  • Numerous methods exist to identify unintended alterations caused by CRISPR/Cas9.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 derivatives have been improved for increased specificity.
  • Addressing off-target effects is key to successful gene therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Technological advancements have improved the precision of gene editing tools.
  • Managing off-target effects remains a critical challenge for the future of gene therapy.