Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

2.5K
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
2.5K
Muscles of the Abdomen01:21

Muscles of the Abdomen

1.7K
The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by the xiphoid process and costal margins, at the back by the vertebral column, and at the bottom by the pelvic bones and inguinal ligament. The abdominal wall is divided into two regions — the anterolateral and posterior regions.
Anterolateral Region
The anterolateral region comprises five paired muscles classified into the lateral and...
1.7K
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

1.8K
The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles....
1.8K
Directional Terms01:14

Directional Terms

8.9K
Directional terms are essential for describing the relative locations of different body structures. For instance, an anatomist might describe one band of tissue as "inferior to" another, or a physician might describe a tumor as "superficial to" a deeper body structure. These terms often use comparative terms in pairs to trace out the relative locations of one body part to another or descriptions of body tissues like the deeper ones from superficially present with reference to...
8.9K
Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

2.4K
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
2.4K
Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

2.3K
The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
2.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Is Ockham's razor losing its edge? New perspectives on the principle of model parsimony.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Beyond Neyman-Pearson: E-values enable hypothesis testing with a data-driven alpha.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same author

Why optional stopping can be a problem for Bayesians.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2020
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Posterior Approach for Debridement of the Psoas Abscess
06:02

Posterior Approach for Debridement of the Psoas Abscess

Published on: March 2, 2020

11.2K

The e-posterior.

Peter D Grünwald1,2

  • 1Machine Learning Group, CWI, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|March 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces e-posteriors for decision-making under uncertainty, offering frequentist valid risk bounds. E-posterior minimax rules are safer than Bayesian ones, especially when prior information is inadequate.

Keywords:
Bayes-frequentist debateSavage–Dickey ratioconditional inferencedecision makinge-valuesuncertainty quantification

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Double Posteromedial Approach for Treating Posterior Cruciate Ligament Cysts
05:44

Author Spotlight: Double Posteromedial Approach for Treating Posterior Cruciate Ligament Cysts

Published on: October 20, 2023

689
Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation
10:09

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation

Published on: October 14, 2022

4.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Posterior Approach for Debridement of the Psoas Abscess
06:02

Posterior Approach for Debridement of the Psoas Abscess

Published on: March 2, 2020

11.2K
Author Spotlight: Double Posteromedial Approach for Treating Posterior Cruciate Ligament Cysts
05:44

Author Spotlight: Double Posteromedial Approach for Treating Posterior Cruciate Ligament Cysts

Published on: October 20, 2023

689
Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation
10:09

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation

Published on: October 14, 2022

4.0K

Area of Science:

  • Statistics
  • Decision Theory
  • Bayesian Inference

Background:

  • Traditional Bayesian inference relies on prior adequacy for valid results.
  • Frequentist methods offer validity but often lack predictive power for specific loss functions.
  • Unifying Bayesian and frequentist approaches remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel representation of decision-maker uncertainty using e-variables.
  • To establish an 'e-posterior' that provides frequentist valid risk bounds.
  • To demonstrate the safety and applicability of e-posterior minimax decision rules.

Main Methods:

  • Development of e-variables to represent uncertainty.
  • Construction of the e-posterior, analogous to the Bayesian posterior.
  • Application of e-posteriors to re-interpret Kiefer-Berger-Brown-Wolpert conditional frequentist tests.

Main Results:

  • The e-posterior allows predictions for arbitrary loss functions.
  • Risk bounds derived from e-posteriors possess frequentist validity, independent of prior adequacy.
  • Inadequate e-collections lead to loose, not incorrect, risk bounds, enhancing safety.

Conclusions:

  • E-posterior minimax decision rules offer a safer alternative to Bayesian rules.
  • The quasi-conditional paradigm unifies aspects of Bayesian and frequentist statistics.
  • This framework provides a robust approach to decision-making under uncertainty.