Gingival Depigmentation Using Microneedling Technique With Topical Vitamin C: A Prospective Case Series

Introduction Gingival pigmentation is mainly physiological due to the production of melanin. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a microneedling technique using topical ascorbic acid in treating gingival hyperpigmentation. Methods A case-series study was established, and 16 out of 42 participants enrolled in this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A microneedling technique was performed using a Dermapen instrument, followed by the topical application of ascorbic acid on the pigmented gingiva. Variations in the Dummett oral pigmentation index (DOPI) and Hedin melanin index (HMI) scores were considered for each patient. A one-month follow-up was conducted on all patients. Results All the reported cases demonstrated noticeable improvement at the end of the sessions. Moreover, seven patients showed complete depigmentation of the gingiva. Analysis using paired T-tests showed a statistically significant lower post-treatment DOPI score with a mean difference of 1.8 ± 0.7, 95% CI: 0.17-1.49. Similarly, the HMI score was lower post-treatment with a mean difference of 3.1 ± 0.7, 95% CI: 2.74-3.50. Conclusions Microneedling combined with topical ascorbic acid is a novel, non-invasive dental technique that can effectively treat gingival hyperpigmentation.