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Primary Ear Reconstruction Using Cadaveric Costal Cartilage.

Jose F Palacios1, Nissim Hazkour2, Emma Robinson1

  • 1From the Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead.

Annals of Plastic Surgery
|March 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Allogeneic cadaveric costal cartilage shows promise for ear reconstruction in microtia patients. While generally safe, risks like infection and resorption require monitoring for long-term success.

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Allogeneic cadaveric costal cartilage is a common graft material for nasal reconstruction.
  • Its application in total ear reconstruction for microtia is not well-documented.
  • This study explores its novel use in auricular framework construction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the novel use of cadaveric cartilage for auricular framework construction in microtia reconstruction.
  • To review preliminary histologic findings of this application.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of allogeneic costal cartilage in ear reconstruction.

Main Methods:

  • A case series of 12 ear reconstructions using cadaveric costal cartilage in 11 patients (ages 4-25) with microtia (Types III and IV).

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  • Patients were monitored for surgical site infection, skin necrosis, cartilage resorption, and exposure.
  • Histologic analysis of cartilage samples obtained 1 year post-implantation was performed.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant cartilage warping observed in 12 procedures.
    • Two cases of minor construct exposure were successfully managed.
    • Two surgical site infections occurred, one leading to resorption and framework replacement.
    • Histology revealed viable chondrocytes with no signs of immune rejection or inflammation.

    Conclusions:

    • Cadaveric costal cartilage is a viable alternative for auricular frameworks in microtia reconstruction.
    • Potential risks include infection-related resorption and construct exposure.
    • Further long-term studies with larger cohorts are necessary to confirm efficacy.