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Bilateral Low-Frequency Hearing Impairment After Microvascular Decompression Surgery.

Masaki Ujihara1, Masahito Kobayashi, Sachiko Hirata

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Saitama, Japan.

Neurosurgery
|March 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Low-frequency hearing impairment (LF-HI) affects 30% of patients after microvascular decompression (MVD). Older age and the operative side are associated factors, but symptoms are typically temporary.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Audiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Hearing impairment is a known complication of microvascular decompression (MVD).
  • Subtle low-frequency hearing deterioration post-MVD can be missed by standard audiometric tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and characteristics of low-frequency hearing impairment (LF-HI) following MVD.
  • To identify factors associated with LF-HI after MVD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of audiometric data from 270 patients undergoing MVD.
  • Comparison of pre- and post-operative hearing levels at low frequencies (125-500 Hz).
  • Definition of LF-HI as a ≥15 dB hearing decrease at 125, 250, or 500 Hz.

Main Results:

  • 30.0% of patients (81/270) developed LF-HI, affecting operative, contralateral, or both ears.
  • Pure tone average worsened in only 1.8% of patients.
  • Older age and the operative side were linked to LF-HI; symptoms were transient in most cases.

Conclusions:

  • Microvascular decompression can lead to low-frequency hearing impairment in both ipsilateral and contralateral ears.
  • LF-HI is generally not permanent and may contribute to contralateral hearing loss in other posterior fossa surgeries.