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Related Experiment Video

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A Clinical Study to Assess Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy with an Auto-Calibrated, Pressure-Sensing Optical Probe

Ashlyn G Rickard1, Husam Mikati1, Antoine Mansourati1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3455, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|March 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new pressure-sensing diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) system for head and neck cancer detection. The improved DRS accurately measures tissue properties, showing lower hemoglobin saturation in cancerous tissues.

Keywords:
diffuse optical spectroscopydiffuse reflectance spectroscopyhead and neck squamous cell carcinomaoptical biopsyoptical sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Clinical Spectroscopy
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) quantifies tissue optical and physiological properties, aiding in distinguishing cancerous from normal tissue.
  • Clinical adoption of DRS is hindered by probe-tissue pressure variability, affecting reproducibility and introducing operator-dependent results.
  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnosis can benefit from advanced optical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess and validate a novel pressure-sensing and automatic self-calibration DRS system in patients with suspected HNSCC.
  • To evaluate the system's ability to provide reproducible and operator-independent measurements during surgical biopsies.
  • To compare optical properties, specifically hemoglobin saturation, between tumor and normal tissues.

Main Methods:

  • A clinical study involving nineteen patients undergoing HNSCC surgical biopsy.
  • Deployment of a pressure-sensing, self-calibrating DRS system for repeated measurements on tumor and normal tissue sites.
  • Utilized a Monte Carlo-based model to extract hemoglobin saturation, total hemoglobin content, and scattering properties.

Main Results:

  • Cancerous tissues exhibited significantly lower hemoglobin saturation compared to normal tissues (p < 0.001), suggesting tumor hypoxia.
  • The pressure-sensing system demonstrated minimal changes over time and with repeated measurements, indicating high reproducibility.
  • Analysis of twelve cancer and fourteen normal tissue samples confirmed significant differences in optical properties.

Conclusions:

  • The validated pressure-sensing DRS system is feasible for in-situ optical spectroscopy during HNSCC procedures.
  • The probe provides diagnostically relevant physiological information, potentially impacting HNSCC treatment strategies.
  • The system overcomes previous limitations of probe-tissue pressure variability, enhancing clinical applicability.