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Geopolymer Composites-In Environmentally Friendly Aspects.

János Kóth1, Katalin Sinkó1

  • 1Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Lóránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 28, 2023
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Summary

This study introduces a low-energy sol-gel method for geopolymer composites using high aluminum (Al)/silicon (Si) ratios (>2.5). This approach enhances mechanical properties and recycles toxic red mud waste, offering an eco-friendly solution.

Keywords:
NMRXRDcompositecompressive strengthgelgeopolymer

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Green Chemistry
  • Waste Management

Background:

  • Geopolymer composites are advanced materials with tunable properties.
  • Traditional synthesis methods can be energy-intensive.
  • Industrial waste, like red mud, poses environmental challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a low-energy sol-gel synthesis route for geopolymer composites.
  • To investigate the effects of high aluminum (Al)/silicon (Si) molar ratios (>2.5) on composite properties.
  • To explore the reclamation and utilization of toxic red mud in composite fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Sol-gel synthesis with high Al/Si molar ratios.
  • Recycling of red mud, a hazardous industrial waste.
  • Structural analysis using 27Al MAS NMR, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and thermal analysis.
  • Characterization via mechanical strength and water solubility tests.

Main Results:

  • A novel, low-energy sol-gel route was successfully established.
  • High Al/Si molar ratios (>2.5) significantly improved mechanical properties.
  • Composite phases were confirmed in both gel and solid states.
  • Successful reclamation of red mud was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • The developed sol-gel method offers an energy-efficient pathway for geopolymer composite synthesis.
  • High Al/Si ratios are key to enhancing mechanical performance.
  • This research provides a sustainable approach to managing red mud waste.