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Sampling, Sorting, and Characterizing Microplastics in Aquatic Environments with High Suspended Sediment Loads and Large Floating Debris
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Determination of Microplastics' Vertical Concentration Transport (Rouse) Profiles in Flumes
Maximilian P Born1, Catrina Brüll1, Dirk Schaefer2
1Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, RWTH-Aachen University, Mies-van-der-Rohe-Straße 17, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Environmental Science & Technology
|March 28, 2023
Summary
This study explores microplastic (MP) transport in rivers, revealing that their vertical concentration profiles mirror sediment behavior. The findings validate theoretical models for both sinking and floating MPs in uniform flows.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Fluid Dynamics
- Environmental Chemistry
Background:
- Microplastic (MP) transport in fluvial systems remains under-researched, particularly regarding vertical concentration profiles.
- Existing studies lack theoretical frameworks for MP vertical distribution in rivers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the vertical concentration profiles of microplastics in a flow channel.
- To couple experimental MP profiles with fundamental transport theory for the first time.
- To assess the applicability of established sediment transport formulas to microplastics.
Main Methods:
- Experiments were conducted in a tiling flume with varying slopes and water depths.
- Turbulent flow conditions were maintained with controlled velocities and turbulence kinetic energy.
- Spherical microplastic particles (1-3 mm diameter) with densities near water (0.91-1.13 g/cm3) were used.
Main Results:
- Measured MP concentration profiles were similar to sediment profiles for sinking particles and reversed for buoyant particles.
- The Rouse formula was confirmed as applicable for both floating and sinking microplastics in uniform flows.
- Experimental data provides a foundation for understanding MP vertical distribution dynamics.
Conclusions:
- Microplastic vertical concentration profiles in rivers can be predicted using established sediment transport principles.
- The Rouse formula offers a valuable tool for modeling microplastic behavior in fluvial environments.
- Further research should explore a wider range of particle properties and hydraulic conditions.
