Global Patterns of Trends in Cholera Mortality.

Area of Science:

• Epidemiology
• Public Health
• Global Health

Background:

• Cholera remains a significant global public health challenge, disproportionately affecting resource-limited countries.
• Understanding long-term mortality trends is vital for effective public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze global cholera mortality trends from 1990 to 2019.
• To identify regional and demographic variations in cholera-related deaths.

Main Methods:

• An observational, descriptive epidemiological study design was employed.
• Age-standardized rates (ASRs) of cholera mortality were analyzed using joinpoint regression analysis.
• Data spanned from 1990 to 2019, evaluating trends in mortality rates and annual change percentages (AAPC).

Main Results:

• Global cholera deaths increased from 83,045 in 1990 to 117,167 in 2019, with approximately 3.0 million total deaths over the period.
• In 2019, Nigeria and the Central African Republic exhibited the highest cholera mortality rates.
• While global male mortality decreased slightly, female mortality remained stable; however, the African Region showed significant increases in mortality for both sexes.

Conclusions:

• Cholera mortality has demonstrated a consistent upward trend in the African Region over the past three decades.
• Enhanced cholera management strategies are imperative to address rising mortality in developing countries.
• Further research and targeted interventions are needed to curb the growing burden of cholera globally.