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Dairy Cows Are Limited in Their Ability to Increase Glucose Availability for Immune Function during Disease
1Department of Animal Nutrition and Animal Health, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstraße 1a, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany.
Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|March 29, 2023
Summary
Production diseases in dairy cows are linked to energy and glucose shortages. This study found that diseases significantly reduced glucose balance (GB) and energy balance (EB), highlighting the need for strategies to improve glucose availability for immune function.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Dairy Cattle Nutrition
- Ruminant Physiology
Background:
- Energy and glucose deficits are implicated in dairy cow production diseases during early lactation.
- Glucose is crucial for immune function, making its availability during disease critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate glucose availability using glucose balance (GB) during disease phases in early-lactation dairy cows.
- To assess the impact of inflammatory diseases on glucose and energy balance.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a dataset of 417 lactations (298 cows) with ration analyses, milk yield (MY), dry matter intake (DMI), body weights, and health records.
- Calculated individual daily GB and energy balance (EB) and analyzed their dynamics relative to disease diagnosis (mastitis, claw/leg, other inflammatory diseases).
- Employed mixed linear models to assess the effect of disease on MY, DMI, GB, and EB, controlling for lactation stage, parity, season, and year.
Main Results:
- Diseases reduced both DMI (-1.5 kg) and MY (-1.0 kg), with DMI reduction being proportionally higher.
- Mastitis had a lesser impact on yield compared to claw/leg or other inflammatory diseases.
- In the week of diagnosis, GB and EB were significantly reduced by -3.8 mol C and -7.5 MJ, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Disease negatively impacts glucose and energy balance in dairy cows, primarily through reduced DMI and MY.
- Strategies to enhance glucogenic carbon availability are needed to support immune function during disease in dairy cows.
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