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Seasonal Trend of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Febrile Convulsion: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis

Ha Rim Keum1, Seon Jin Lee1, Jeong Min Kim1

  • 1Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Febrile convulsion (FC) in children is linked to specific respiratory viruses. Increased detection rates for viruses like RSV, HCoV, HRV, HMPV, and norovirus preceded a rise in FC cases by one month.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Febrile convulsion (FC) is a common childhood seizure disorder associated with fever.
  • Understanding the triggers for FC is crucial for public health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between viral pathogen detection rates and the incidence of febrile convulsions in children.
  • To identify seasonal trends in febrile convulsion diagnoses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service data (2015-2019) for 64,291 children diagnosed with FC.
  • Exclusion of other seizure-causing conditions.
  • Correlation analysis between monthly virus-positive detection rates (PDR) and FC incidence using Granger causality tests.
  • Time series analysis (autoregressive integrated moving average) to identify FC incidence trends.

Main Results:

  • FC incidence peaked annually in May and was lowest in October.
  • Spring (26.7%) showed the highest proportion of FC diagnoses.
  • Elevated PDRs for respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), coronavirus (HCoV), rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), and norovirus were significantly associated with increased FC incidence one month later.

Conclusions:

  • Specific respiratory viruses, including HRSV, HCoV, HRV, HMPV, and norovirus, are linked to febrile convulsions in children.
  • Viral seasonality influences the incidence of febrile convulsions, with peaks observed in spring.

Keywords:
childrenfebrile convulsionvirus

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