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Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
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Microbial Sampling Using Interdental Brushes and Paper Points around Teeth and Implants: A Pilot Study for

Tobias M Janson1, Yann Gager2, Christian R Hatz1

  • 1Clinic of Conservative & Preventive Dentistry, Division of Periodontology & Peri-Implant Diseases, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interdental brushes may offer a new method for collecting microbial samples to detect early signs of gum disease and peri-implantitis. This pilot study suggests they are a valid alternative to paper points for identifying microbial dysbiosis.

Keywords:
interdental cleaningmicrobial samplingmolecular geneticsperi-implantitisperiodontitis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Periodontology
  • Implant Dentistry

Background:

  • Inflammatory periodontal and peri-implant diseases are linked to microbial dysbiosis in susceptible individuals.
  • Traditional microbial sampling methods include paper points, but novel techniques are being explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate interdental brushes as a tool for microbial biofilm sampling compared to standard paper points.
  • To assess the efficacy of interdental brushes in detecting microbial shifts associated with periodontal and peri-implant health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Biofilm samples were collected from ten patients using both paper points and interdental brushes.
  • Patients included those with healthy periodontal/peri-implant sites and those with periodontitis/peri-implantitis.
  • Microbial analysis was performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Main Results:

  • Interdental brushes yielded higher DNA amounts but also higher Ct values compared to paper points.
  • Key periodontal pathogens like *P. gingivalis* and *T. forsythia* were detected by both methods.
  • A microbial dysbiosis index indicated comparable or higher dysbiosis levels with interdental brush samples, even in healthy sites.

Conclusions:

  • Interdental brushes show potential as a valid and advantageous technique for microbial sampling.
  • This method may be particularly useful for the early detection of dysbiotic shifts around teeth and implants.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to confirm the utility of interdental brushes for microbial sampling.