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Exploring the Lifetime Effect of Children on Wellbeing Using Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation.

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Having children does not appear to negatively impact parental wellbeing. This Mendelian randomization study found no significant evidence that having more children reduces overall life satisfaction.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest a negative association between parenthood and wellbeing.
  • Existing research indicates potential adverse effects of having children on parental mental health and life satisfaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal effect of having children on parental wellbeing using Mendelian randomization.
  • To provide robust genetic evidence to clarify the relationship between number of children and subjective wellbeing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization design.
  • Employed large-scale genetic data from UK Biobank, Social Science Genetics Consortia (SSGAC), and Within-Family Consortia.
  • Analyzed subjective wellbeing using Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data.

Main Results:

  • No significant evidence of a negative effect of having children on parental wellbeing was found (β = 0.153).
  • Secondary analyses indicated slight deflation, suggesting potential residual confounding and pleiotropy.
  • Results were not compatible with a measurable negative impact of offspring on average parental wellbeing.

Conclusions:

  • The study's findings challenge the notion that having children consistently lowers parental wellbeing.
  • Further research is needed to explore potential non-linear effects, interactions, and time-varying impacts of parenthood on wellbeing.