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Exploring the Relationships between Multilevel Built Environments and Commute Durations in Dual-Earner Households:
Xiaoquan Wang1, Weifeng Wang1, Chaoying Yin2
1College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Summary
Built environments significantly impact commute times for both men and women. However, neighborhood and city factors more strongly influence male commute durations, highlighting gender disparities in transportation.
Area of Science:
- Urban Planning
- Transportation Geography
- Gender Studies
Background:
- Extensive research links built environments (BE) to commute durations.
- Limited studies explore multi-level BE effects or gendered commute differences within a unified framework.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate neighborhood- and city-level BE effects on commute durations.
- Examine gendered differences in BE-commute duration relationships within couples.
- Analyze mediating roles of traffic congestion, car ownership, and commuting modes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized survey data from 3209 household couples across 97 Chinese cities.
- Applied a multi-group generalized multilevel structural equation model.
- Differentiated analysis for male and female commute durations.
Main Results:
- BE variables at both neighborhood and city levels significantly affect commute durations.
- Traffic congestion, car ownership, and commuting modes mediate the BE-commute duration link.
- BE variables exert a stronger influence on male commute durations compared to females.
Conclusions:
- Built environments have a significant, gendered impact on commute durations.
- Multi-level BE analysis reveals disparities in transportation experiences between genders.
- Findings inform policies for creating more gender-equal transportation systems.
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