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Related Concept Videos

Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

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The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care01:28

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

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IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

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Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
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Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

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In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use01:23

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation III: AED Use

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Introduction to AEDAn Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable medical device that analyzes the heart's rhythm and, if necessary, delivers an electrical shock to help the heart re-establish an effective rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). SCA occurs when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating, leading to a loss of blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. In such emergencies, time is of the essence, and using an AED, combined with Cardiopulmonary...
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SBAR II: Application of SBAR01:14

SBAR II: Application of SBAR

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SBAR is an effective communication tool used by healthcare professionals to communicate patient information accurately. SBAR stands for Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation. For a better understanding, an example is given below.
SBAR Report from a Nurse to a Health Care Provider
S: "Hello, Dr. Smith. This is Jane, RN, from the Med Surg unit. I am calling to tell you about Ms. White in Room 210, who is experiencing increased pain and redness at her incision site. Her recent...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Triage Algorithms for Mass-Casualty Bioterrorism: A Systematic Review.

Feida Zhao1, Chao Zhao2, Song Bai3

  • 1Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This systematic review compares 10 triage algorithms for bioterrorism events. Improvements are needed for anthrax and psychosocial support triage, alongside continued research on decontamination.

Keywords:
anthraxbioterrorismpsychosocialterrorismtriagetriage algorithm

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Biosecurity

Background:

  • Mass-casualty incidents from bioterrorism require effective triage strategies.
  • Existing triage algorithms for bioterrorism events vary in scope and application.
  • A comprehensive comparison of current algorithms is needed to identify areas for improvement.

Approach:

  • A systematic review was conducted using Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to January 2022.
  • Ten studies detailing triage algorithms for bioterrorism were identified and analyzed.
  • Quality assessment was performed using the International Narrative Systematic Assessment tool.

Key Points:

  • Four studies focused on general bioterrorism events, four on anthrax, and two on psychosocial impacts.
  • Algorithms for general bioterrorism require rapid identification of attack details, exposure control, and agent type.
  • Anthrax triage needs better differentiation from common illnesses, while psychosocial triage requires more attention.

Conclusions:

  • Enhancing triage algorithms for bioterrorism is crucial for effective mass-casualty incident response.
  • Further research is essential for optimizing anthrax triage and addressing mental health consequences.
  • Decontamination's role in bioterrorism attack response warrants continued investigation.