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Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents

Valentina Baglioni1, Silvia Orecchio1, Dario Esposito1

  • 1Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Via dei Sabelli 108, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Tension-type headache (TTH) is common in children but often underestimated, posing diagnostic challenges. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing TTH and differentiating it from other headache types in pediatric neurology.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Headache Medicine
  • Clinical Neuroscience

Background:

  • Tension-type headache (TTH) is a highly prevalent primary headache disorder in children.
  • Diagnosis of TTH in pediatric populations is often underestimated, leading to significant diagnostic challenges.
  • Clinical presentation of TTH in children can overlap with migraine and secondary headaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on the differential diagnosis of TTH in pediatric patients.
  • To explore the outcomes and evolution of TTH during childhood and adolescence.
  • To outline appropriate therapeutic strategies for pediatric TTH.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of prospective and long-term studies on juvenile headaches.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis approaches for TTH in children.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding TTH outcomes and treatment options.

Main Results:

  • TTH diagnosis in children faces challenges due to underestimation and overlap with other headache types.
  • Factors like hormonal changes, triggers, and genetics influence headache evolution.
  • Long-term studies investigate the trajectories of juvenile TTH and migraine, including transitions between forms.

Conclusions:

  • Tension-type headache in children is a complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management.
  • Appropriate therapeutic strategies are recommended for pediatric TTH.

Keywords:
pediatric neurologyprimary headachetension-type headache

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