Neutral Oil-Incorporated Liposomal Nanocarrier for Increased Skin Delivery of Ascorbic Acid

In this study, a neutral oil-incorporated liposomal system (lipo-oil-some, LOS) was designed to improve the skin absorption of ascorbic acid (Vit C), and the effects of an edge activator and neutral oil on the skin absorption of Vit C were evaluated. As components of the LOS system, sodium deoxycholate, polysorbate 80, and cholesterol were screened as edge activators, and camellia oil, tricaprylin, and grapeseed oil were employed as neutral oils. The LOS systems prepared by the ethanol injection method were spherical in shape, 130-350 nm in size, and had 4-27% Vit C loading efficiency (%). In a skin absorption study using a Franz diffusion cell mounted with porcine skin, the LOS system prepared with sodium deoxycholate (10 w/w% of phospholipid) exhibited 1.2-and 2.9-fold higher absorption than those prepared with polysorbate 80 and cholesterol, respectively. Moreover, the type of neutral oil had a marked effect on the absorption of Vit C; the liposomal system containing camellia oil provided 1.3 to 1.8 times higher flux (45.4 μg/cm²∙h) than vesicles with tricaprylin or grapeseed oil, respectively. The optimized lipid nanocarrier is expected to be a promising tool for promoting the skin absorption of Vit C and improving its dermatological functions.