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Related Concept Videos

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
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Hydrogen Production and Utilization in a Membrane Reactor
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Optimization of Small-Scale Hydrogen Production with Membrane Reactors.

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  • 1Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4a, 20156 Milan, Italy.

Membranes
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study models fluidized bed membrane reactors for green hydrogen production from biogas. Optimizing temperature, pressure, and membrane design significantly boosts hydrogen output and recovery factor for decarbonization efforts.

Keywords:
biogasfluidized bedgreen hydrogen productionmembrane reactorsmodelling

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Sustainable Energy
  • Process Intensification

Background:

  • Hydrogen is crucial for decarbonization across various sectors, but low-carbon production methods are limited.
  • Current hydrogen production relies heavily on natural gas reforming, contributing to emissions.
  • Membrane reactor technology offers a promising pathway for efficient, intensified green hydrogen production from biogas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mathematical model for fluidized bed membrane reactors (FBMRs) for autothermal reforming of biogas.
  • To provide design and operational guidelines for optimizing hydrogen production and recovery factor.
  • To analyze the impact of key operating parameters and geometric configurations on reactor performance.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a mathematical model for FBMRs.
  • Simulation of autothermal reforming of biogas within the reactor.
  • Investigation of parameters including temperature, pressure, steam, catalyst loading, and membrane geometry.

Main Results:

  • Increasing reactor temperature from 450 to 500 °C at 12 bar (0.1 bar permeate pressure) increased hydrogen production by 33% and hydrogen recovery factor (HRF) by 40%.
  • Increasing internal reactor pressure from 8 to 20 bar at 500 °C doubled hydrogen production but decreased HRF by 16%.
  • Optimizing membrane area, catalyst loading (20% catalytic particles), and operating pressures are key for maximizing hydrogen yield and HRF.

Conclusions:

  • Fluidized bed membrane reactors are a mature technology for intensified green hydrogen production from biogas.
  • The developed model provides crucial guidelines for reactor design and operation to achieve desired hydrogen production and recovery.
  • Strategic manipulation of operating conditions and reactor geometry can significantly enhance the efficiency of low-carbon hydrogen generation.