Naphthenic Acids Removal from Model Transformer Oil by Diethylamine Modified Resins

Resins have enormous potential in the removal of naphthenic acids (NAs) from transformer oil due to their rich porosity and high mechanical and diversified functionality, whereas their poor adsorption capacity limits application. In this work, the polystyrene-diethylamine resin (PS-DEA-x) was prepared by grafting diethylamine (DEA) onto chloromethylated polystyrene (PS-Cl) resin to efficiently adsorb cyclopentane carboxylic acid from transformer oil for the first time. The characterization analysis results indicated that amine contents were significantly enhanced with the increase in DEA. Particularly, resin with a molar ratio of 1:5 depending on chloromethyl to DEA (PS-DEA-5) exhibited the highest amine contents and efficient adsorption of cyclopentane carboxylic acid (static adsorption capacity up to 110.0 mg/g), which was about 5 times higher than that of the pristine PS-Cl. The thermodynamic and kinetic studies showed that the adsorption behaviors could be well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm equation and pseudo-second-order rate equation. Moreover, it was found that 1 g of the PS-DEA-5 can decontaminate about 760 mL transformer oil to meet reuse standards by a continuous stream, indicating its potential application in industry.