Hybrid 1D/3D-Structured Perovskite as a Highly Selective and Stable Sensor for NO₂ Detection at Room Temperature

To exploit high-performance and stable sensing materials with a room working temperature is pivotal for portable and mobile sensor devices. However, the common sensors based on metal oxide semiconductors usually need a higher working temperature (usually above 300 °C) to achieve a good response toward gas detection. Currently, metal halide perovskites have begun to rise as a promising candidate for gas monitoring at room temperature but suffer phase instability. Herein, we construct 1D/3D PyPbI₃/FA_0.83Cs_0.17PbI₃ (denoted by PyPbI₃/FACs) bilayer perovskite by post-processing spin-coating Pyrrolidinium hydroiodide (PyI) salt on top of 3D FACs film. Benefitting from the 1D PyPbI₃ coating layer, the phase stability of 1D/3D PyPbI₃/FACs significantly improves. Simultaneously, the gas sensor based on the 1D/3D PyPbI₃/FACs bilayer perovskite presents a superior selectivity and sensitivity toward NO₂ detection at room temperature, with a low detection limit of 220 ppb. Exposed to a 50 ± 3% relative humidity (RH) level environment for a consecutive six days, the 1D/3D PyPbI₃/FACs perovskite-based sensor toward 10 ppm NO₂ can still maintain a rapid response with a slight attenuation. Gas sensors based on hybrid 1D/3D-structured perovskite in this work may provide a new pathway for highly sensitive and stable gas sensors in room working temperature, accelerating its practical application and portable device.