Shape-Factor Impact on a Mass-Based Hybrid Nanofluid Model for Homann Stagnation-Point Flow in Porous Media

This paper studies the impact of shape factor on a mass-based hybrid nanofluid model for Homann stagnation-point flow in porous media. The HAM-based Mathematica package BVPh 2.0 is suitable for determining approximate solutions of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with boundary conditions. This analysis involves discussions of the impact of the many physical parameters generated in the proposed model. The results show that skin friction coefficients of Cf and Cf increase with the mass of the first and second nanoparticles of the hybrid nanofluids w₁ and w₂ and with the coefficient of permeability in porous media. For the axisymmetric case of γ = 0, when w₁ = w₂ = 10 gr, w = 100 gr and Cf = Cf = 2.03443, 2.27994, 2.50681, and 3.10222 for σ = 0, 1, 2, and 5. Compared with w₁ = w₂ = 10 gr, w_f = 100 gr, and σ = 0, it can be found that the wall shear stress values increase by 12.06%, 23.21%, and 52.48%, respectively. As the mass of the first and second nanoparticles of the mass-based hybrid nanofluid model increases, the local Nusselt number Nu_x increases. Values of Nu_x obviously decrease and change with an increase in the coefficient of permeability in the range of γ < 0; otherwise, Nu_x is less affected in the range of γ > 0. According to the calculation results, the platelet-shaped nanoparticles in the mass-based hybrid nanofluid model can achieve maximum heat transfer rates and minimum surface friction.