Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

2.3K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
2.3K
Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

109
Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
109
Mortar Properties01:17

Mortar Properties

159
Mortar properties encompass a range of characteristics crucial for construction and masonry work, including workability, water retention, bond strength, durability, compressive strength, volume change, and appearance. Workability refers to mortar's ability to be easily applied and manipulated without sagging or falling off surfaces, which is important for efficient masonry unit placement and alignment. Water retention is essential to prevent the mortar from losing moisture too quickly to...
159
Retarders01:19

Retarders

90
Retarders are chemical admixtures designed to extend the setting time, which is especially useful when there is a delay in sequential concrete pours to prevent cold joints and to achieve a cohesive structure. Retarders, when used in appropriate amounts, can also enhance the architectural appearance of exposed aggregate finishes.
The function of retarders is to delay the setting of concrete, and this effect can be measured using a penetration test. The retardation process involves adding...
90
Accelerators01:17

Accelerators

101
Accelerators in concrete serve as admixtures to speed up the hardening process, enabling the concrete to achieve early strength faster. Although accelerators do not necessarily impact the time it takes concrete to set, they reduce this time in practice. A common accelerator is calcium chloride, which is particularly useful for hastening early strength development in cold weather or for rapid repair jobs that require quick heat generation after mixing.
The effectiveness of calcium chloride can...
101
Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

310
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
310

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Distinct and compensatory roles of STAG1 and STAG2 in post-mitotic genome refolding.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

LIPA regulates myeloid differentiation and is essential for intra-plaque macrophage accumulation during atherogenesis.

Journal of lipid research·2026
Same author

Lithosphere as a bottom-up modulator of mountain vegetation resilience.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Seasonal, Aspect and Elevational Effects on Auchenorrhyncha Communities in Taibai Mountain, China.

Insects·2026
Same author

Clinical outcomes of internal iliosciatic fixation using a conventional reconstruction plate via an anterior approach for acetabular fractures involving the posterior column.

Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery·2026
Same author

Large-scale circulation shapes the spatial organization of anomalous precipitation over Northern Jiangsu.

iScience·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
11:49

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application

Published on: March 8, 2019

12.7K

Compression-Softening Bond Model for Non-Water Reactive Foaming Polyurethane Grouting Material.

Boyuan Dong1,2,3, Mingrui Du1,2,3, Hongyuan Fang2,3,4

  • 1School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

Polymers
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated non-water reactive foaming polyurethane (NRFP) grouting material. A new compression softening bond (CSB) model within particle flow code (PFC) accurately simulated its mechanical behavior and failure mechanisms under compression.

Keywords:
discrete elementelastic-brittle-plastic assumptionmicro-foamsnon-water reactive foaming polyurethane grouting material

More Related Videos

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry
07:02

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

Published on: August 25, 2016

13.8K
Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
12:07

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

13.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application
11:49

Synthesis of Soft Polysiloxane-urea Elastomers for Intraocular Lens Application

Published on: March 8, 2019

12.7K
The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry
07:02

The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry

Published on: August 25, 2016

13.8K
Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
12:07

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

13.5K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics

Background:

  • Non-water reactive foaming polyurethane (NRFP) grouting materials are essential in various engineering applications.
  • Understanding their mechanical behavior under stress is crucial for safe and effective use.
  • Existing models may not fully capture the complex microstructural responses of these porous materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the mechanical properties and microstructure of NRFP grouting material.
  • To develop and validate a novel constitutive model for simulating NRFP behavior.
  • To investigate the feasibility of discrete element numerical methods for NRFP analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted uniaxial compression and cyclic loading/unloading experiments on NRFP samples.
  • Utilized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microstructural analysis.
  • Developed a compression softening bond (CSB) model and implemented it in particle flow code (PFC) simulations.

Main Results:

  • NRFP is a porous material with micro-foams; density influences foam size and wall thickness.
  • Micro-foam walls exhibit cracking perpendicular to the loading direction under compression.
  • Experimental and PFC simulation stress-strain curves showed good agreement, validating the CSB model and PFC approach.
  • Compressive strength and elastic modulus were determined as 5.72 MPa and 83.2 MPa, respectively.

Conclusions:

  • The CSB model and PFC simulation effectively capture the mechanical properties and failure modes of NRFP grouting materials.
  • Yielding in the simulation originates from contact element failure, propagating layer by layer, leading to bulging.
  • This research offers valuable insights into applying discrete element methods for NRFP grouting materials.