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["Stop the bleeding"-Acute bleeding control in injuries to the trunk and extremities]
Klemens Horst1, Andreas Lambertz2, Franziska A Meister2
1Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52072, Aachen, Deutschland. khorst@ukaachen.de.
Trauma-related blood loss causes high mortality. This review details diagnostic and surgical strategies for controlling hemorrhage in the thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and extremities to improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Traumatology and Emergency Medicine
- Surgical Hemostasis
- Critical Care Medicine
Context:
- Trauma-induced hemorrhage remains a leading cause of mortality.
- Hemorrhage often originates in the thoracic, abdominal, pelvic regions, or extremities.
- The deadly triad of acidosis, hypothermia, and coagulopathy complicates traumatic bleeding.
Purpose:
- To review current literature on diagnostic and treatment measures for trauma-related blood loss.
- To present the latest scientific insights and developments in managing hemorrhage.
- To discuss available trauma algorithms and surgical hemostasis strategies.
Summary:
- Effective bleeding control requires timely source identification and targeted treatment.
- Surgical intervention is crucial for acute hemorrhage management.
- The article evaluates hemostatic strategies for thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and extremities, emphasizing organ preservation in abdominal injuries.
Impact:
- Improved understanding of diagnostic and surgical approaches for traumatic hemorrhage.
- Potential for enhanced organ preservation, particularly in abdominal trauma.
- Guidance on selecting appropriate surgical hemostasis techniques for diverse injury locations.
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