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High-resolution entry and exit surface dosimetry in a 1.5 T MR-linac.

E Patterson1, P Stokes2, D Cutajar3

  • 1Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia. ep958@uowmail.edu.au.

Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The MOSkin™ detector accurately measures surface and near-surface doses for transverse MR-linac treatments, validating its use in advanced radiotherapy. This helps ensure precise electron return effect dosimetry.

Keywords:
Elekta UnityMOSFETMR-linacMonte CarloSkin doseSurface dosimetry

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Dosimetry

Background:

  • Transverse magnetic fields in MR-linacs alter electron trajectories, impacting surface and near-surface radiation doses.
  • Accurate surface dosimetry is crucial for patient safety and treatment efficacy in advanced radiotherapy techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the performance of the MOSkin™ MOSFET detector for high-resolution surface and near-surface dosimetry on a transverse MR-linac (Elekta Unity).
  • To compare MOSkin™ measurements with simulations (Geant4, Monaco TPS) and EBT-3 film dosimetry.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of surface and near-surface percentage depth doses using the MOSkin™ detector across various field sizes.
  • Comparison of MOSkin™ data with Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations, Monaco treatment planning system (TPS) calculations, and EBT-3 film measurements.
  • Analysis of dose discrepancies at beam entry and exit surfaces, including the electron return effect.

Main Results:

  • MOSkin™ measured entry surface doses ranged from 9.9% to 13.4% relative to Dmax across field sizes from 1x1 cm² to 22x22 cm².
  • Maximum percent differences between MOSkin™ and other methods were 1.0% (Geant4 entry), 2.8% (TPS entry), 14.3% (film entry), 3.2% (Geant4 exit), 3.7% (TPS exit), and 5.7% (film exit).
  • The electron return effect caused dose increases up to 15.4% (MOSkin™) and 17.9% (Geant4) for larger fields.

Conclusions:

  • The MOSkin™ detector demonstrates suitability for accurate surface and near-surface dosimetry in transverse MR-linac applications.
  • The study validates MOSkin™ for precise assessment of surface doses and the electron return effect in MR-guided radiotherapy.