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Gut bacteria influence Blastocystis sp. phenotypes and may trigger pathogenicity.

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The human gut microbiota influences Blastocystis sp. pathogenicity. Bacteria can alter Blastocystis sp. ST3

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Human Gut Microbiome
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • The role of intestinal microbiota in various diseases is established, but its influence on other infective organisms remains understudied.
  • Blastocystis sp. is a common human intestinal parasite with a debated pathogenic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association and interaction between Blastocystis sp. and the human intestinal microbiota.
  • To determine if the intestinal microbiota influences the phenotype and pathogenicity of Blastocystis sp. ST3.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of gut microbiomes in Blastocystis sp.-free and Blastocystis sp. ST3-infected individuals (symptomatic and asymptomatic).
  • Inferred metagenomic analysis to assess microbial functions.
  • Co-culture experiments of Blastocystis sp. isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals with bacterial suspensions.

Main Results:

  • Blastocystis sp. ST3 infection alters bacterial composition and microbial richness, particularly in asymptomatic individuals.
  • Co-culturing Blastocystis sp. from a symptomatic individual with bacteria from an asymptomatic individual led to increased parasite growth and reduced pathogenicity.
  • Blastocystis sp. infection influences microbial functions but has minimal impact on overall microbiota diversity.

Conclusions:

  • The human gut microbiota plays a significant role in modulating the pathogenicity of Blastocystis sp.
  • Bacterial interactions can transform asymptomatic Blastocystis sp. into a pathogenic form.
  • This study provides a basis for understanding the variable pathogenic role of Blastocystis sp. observed in different studies.