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Related Experiment Video

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Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
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Differing postural control patterns in individuals with bilateral and unilateral hearing loss.

Brittani Morris1, Maura Cosetti2, Jennifer Kelly3

  • 1Department of Physical Therapy, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America.

American Journal of Otolaryngology
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with bilateral hearing loss (BHL) show greater head sway, indicating increased fall risk. Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) reduces responses to visual stimuli, suggesting altered sensory processing. Both conditions warrant further balance assessment.

Keywords:
Head kinematicsHead swayHead-mounted displaySensory integration for balanceVirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Hearing loss (HL) is linked to imbalance and higher fall risk.
  • The specific mechanisms and variations across HL types are not fully understood.
  • Head-mounted displays (HMD) offer a tool to investigate postural control via head sway analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess head sway in response to sensory stimuli in individuals with bilateral hearing loss (BHL) and unilateral hearing loss (UHL).
  • To compare head sway between individuals with BHL, UHL, and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 36 controls, 23 with UHL, and 14 with BHL.
  • Utilized an HMD (HTC Vive) to measure head sway while participants stood with feet hip-width apart.
  • Applied visual and auditory stimuli, quantifying head sway using Root Mean Square Velocity (RMSV) and Power Spectral Density (PSD).

Main Results:

  • Bilateral hearing loss (BHL) correlated with significantly higher anterior-posterior and medio-lateral RMSV compared to controls and UHL.
  • Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) showed significantly reduced RMSV and PSD responses to visual stimuli versus controls.
  • Auditory stimuli and hearing loss severity did not significantly affect head sway measures.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals with BHL exhibit increased head sway, particularly with visual input, highlighting a need for clinical balance and fall risk assessment.
  • Reduced responses to visual stimuli in UHL may indicate conscious processing adjustments.
  • Further research is required to elucidate the complex relationship between hearing loss and postural instability.