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Role modelling in professional identity formation: a systematic scoping review.
Eugene Yong Hian Koh1,2, Kai Kee Koh3,2, Yaazhini Renganathan3,2
1Singapore Armed Forces, 303 Gombak Drive, Singapore, 669645, Singapore.
BMC Medical Education
|March 29, 2023
Summary
Role modelling significantly shapes physician identity by integrating values and principles. Its effectiveness hinges on learner-tutor dynamics and contextual factors, influencing professional development.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Professional Identity Formation
- Physician Development
Background:
- The role of role modelling in physician professional identity development is not well understood.
- This review considers role modelling within the broader spectrum of mentoring, supervision, coaching, tutoring, and advising.
- The Ring Theory of Personhood (RToP) is proposed to visualize the impact of role modelling on physicians' thinking, practice, and conduct.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize existing literature on role modelling in medical education.
- To explore the characteristics, indications, and impact of role modelling on learners.
- To understand how role modelling influences the professional identity of physicians in training.
Main Methods:
- A systematic scoping review was conducted using a systematic evidence-based approach.
- Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and ERIC databases for articles published between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2021.
- The review focused on the experiences of medical students and physicians in training.
Main Results:
- 145 articles were included after evaluating 12,201 identified and 271 evaluated articles.
- Thematic and content analysis revealed five domains: theories, definitions, indications, characteristics, and impact on the RToP.
- Learner narratives, cognitive base, clinical insight, context, and belief systems influence their engagement with role modelling.
Conclusions:
- Role modelling is crucial for integrating beliefs and values, impacting physician professional identity formation.
- The efficacy of role modelling is influenced by contextual, structural, cultural, organizational factors, and learner-tutor relationship characteristics.
- The RToP framework can help understand variations in role modelling effectiveness and guide personalized learner support.
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