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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over short...
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Tapes are essential in surveying for accurate, durable, and short-distance measurements. Made from lightweight, nylon-coated steel, they offer flexibility and strength for rugged outdoor use. The nylon coating protects against rust and wear, extending the tape's life. Standard lengths, around 30 meters, are marked in meters and millimeters for precision.Surveyors select tapes based on site conditions and accuracy needs. Lightweight, nylon-coated tapes are commonly used for ease of handling and...
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When measuring distances in areas with physical obstructions, such as a lake in a field, surveyors must employ techniques to calculate accurate lengths without direct line measurements. One effective method is the offset technique, which allows for precise distance estimation over inaccessible stretches.In this scenario, a surveyor must measure a side of an area that crosses a lake. Since the measuring tape cannot span the lake, the surveyor begins by establishing a baseline that aligns with...
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Radial systems employ time-delay overcurrent relays to reduce load interruptions. When a fault occurs, the nearest breaker opens first, while upstream breakers remain closed due to longer delay settings. This approach ensures minimal disruption to the rest of the system.
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In mechanical engineering, one-degree-of-freedom systems form the basis of a wide range of electrical and mechanical components. Using these models, engineers can predict the behavior of various parts in a larger system, which gives them insight into how different forces interact with each other.
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An Online Distance Tracker for Verification of Robotic Systems' Safety.

Esra Guclu1, Özlem Örnek1, Metin Ozkan1

  • 1Department of Computer Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir 26480, Turkey.

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This study introduces an efficient method for calculating minimum distances between robots and their environments, enhancing robotic system safety verification. The online distance tracker (ODT) helps ensure collision-free operation in automated systems.

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minimum distance calculationoctree-based maprobotic systemssafety verification

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Computational Geometry
  • System Safety Engineering

Background:

  • Collision detection is critical for ensuring safety in robotic systems.
  • Verification of robotic system software is essential to prevent collisions.
  • Existing methods may lack efficiency in real-time distance calculation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an efficient method for minimum distance calculation between robots and their environments.
  • To develop an implementation framework for robotic system safety verification.
  • To provide a tool for inspecting collision risks in robotic system software.

Main Methods:

  • Representing robots and environments using cylinders and occupancy maps.
  • Employing a bounding box approach to optimize computational cost.
  • Implementing an online distance tracker (ODT) for real-time minimum distance assessment.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method efficiently calculates minimum distances.
  • The bounding box approach significantly improves computational performance.
  • The method was successfully applied to a simulated robotic inspection cell (ROKOS).

Conclusions:

  • The developed method is feasible and effective for robotic safety verification.
  • The ODT provides a valuable tool for ensuring collision-free robotic operations.
  • This approach contributes to the enhanced safety and reliability of automated robotic systems.