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Implementation of a Reference Interferometer for Nanodetection
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Refractive Index Fiber Laser Sensor by Using a Fiber Ball Lens Interferometer with Adjustable Free Spectral Range.

Ricardo Iván Álvarez-Tamayo1, Patricia Prieto-Cortés2

  • 1Faculty of Mechatronics, Bionics and Aerospace, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla 72410, Mexico.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel fiber laser refractometer uses a fiber ball lens (FBL) interferometer to measure liquid refractive index (RI). This sensor demonstrates a linear response and high sensitivity for RI detection.

Keywords:
EDF fiber lasersfiber ball lensinterferometric spectral filterslaser sensorsoptical fiberrefractometers

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Fiber Optics Sensing
  • Interferometry

Background:

  • Refractive index (RI) sensing is crucial in various scientific fields.
  • Traditional refractometers can be complex and expensive.
  • Fiber optic sensors offer advantages like remote sensing and immunity to electromagnetic interference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and investigate a fiber laser refractometer based on a fiber ball lens (FBL) interferometer.
  • To demonstrate the sensor's capability for measuring the RI of liquid media.
  • To analyze the sensor's sensitivity and reliability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an erbium-doped fiber laser with an FBL structure acting as an interferometric filter and sensing element.
  • Interrogation of the sensor via wavelength displacement of the laser line in response to RI changes.
  • Adjustment of the FBL interferometric filter's free spectral range for optimal RI measurement range.
  • Analytical and experimental validation of the sensor's performance.

Main Results:

  • The proposed FBL fiber laser refractometer successfully measured RI in the range of 1.3939 to 1.4237 RIU.
  • The sensor exhibited a linear relationship between wavelength displacement (1532.72 to 1565.76 nm) and RI variations.
  • A high sensitivity of 1130.28 nm/RIU was achieved.
  • The sensor's reliability was confirmed through analytical and experimental investigations.

Conclusions:

  • The FBL fiber laser interferometer is a viable and sensitive platform for RI sensing.
  • The proposed sensor offers a simple yet effective method for real-time RI monitoring.
  • This technology has potential applications in chemical analysis, environmental monitoring, and biomedical diagnostics.