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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

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A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1
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Multiplexed Isothermal Amplification Based Diagnostic Platform to Detect Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue 1

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Chikungunya Virus: Priority Pathogen or Passing Trend?

Gerardo Montalvo Zurbia-Flores1, Arturo Reyes-Sandoval1,2, Young Chan Kim1,3

  • 1The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DG, UK.

Vaccines
|March 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) poses a significant global health threat, causing debilitating arthritis. Despite decades of research, no vaccines or treatments are available, highlighting an urgent need for intervention.

Keywords:
AlphavirusChikungunya virus (CHIKV)chikungunya vaccineclinical trialepidemiologymosquitoes

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Public Health
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a major global health concern, causing chikungunya fever (CHIKF) with severe, long-lasting joint pain.
  • CHIKF is a neglected tropical disease with complex epidemiology and underestimated disease burden.
  • CHIKV's geographic spread affects over 100 countries, endangering more than half the world's population via Aedes mosquito transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical relevance of chikungunya vaccines.
  • To discuss the challenges in understanding CHIKV's long-term disease impact and epidemiological surveillance.
  • To highlight the global emergence of CHIKV infections and the need for effective interventions.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes information on the clinical impact of CHIKV infections.
  • It examines the complexities of CHIKV epidemiology and surveillance.
  • It analyzes the progress of chikungunya vaccine development.

Main Results:

  • No licensed vaccines or antiviral treatments against CHIKV are currently available, despite over 50 years of vaccine development efforts.
  • The review emphasizes the significant, yet poorly understood, long-term health and economic burden of CHIKV in endemic regions.
  • Recent advancements in vaccine development are providing promising candidates.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for effective chikungunya vaccines due to the virus's widespread impact and lack of approved treatments.
  • Understanding the long-term disease burden and improving surveillance are crucial for managing CHIKV.
  • The review provides insights into advanced vaccine candidates and their potential global impact.