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Acute toxicity studies with oxamyl.

G L Kennedy

    Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
    |April 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Oxamyl is highly toxic orally and via inhalation, with cholinesterase inhibition as the primary effect. Protective measures are essential due to its acute toxicity and irritant properties.

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    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology
    • Environmental Science
    • Pesticide Safety

    Background:

    • Oxamyl is a widely used insecticide and nematicide.
    • Understanding its acute toxicity is crucial for safe handling and risk assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the acute toxicity of oxamyl across various exposure routes.
    • To establish safe handling guidelines for oxamyl.

    Main Methods:

    • Acute oral, intraperitoneal, dermal, and inhalation toxicity studies were conducted in rats, mice, guinea pigs, and dogs.
    • Clinical signs, cholinesterase activity, and histopathology were assessed.
    • Eye and skin irritation tests were performed.

    Main Results:

    • Oxamyl demonstrated high acute oral and inhalation toxicity (LD50 and LC50 values provided).

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  • Clinical signs were consistent with cholinesterase inhibition; atropine showed antidotal effects.
  • It is a mild eye and skin irritant with limited dermal absorption but significant inhalation hazard.
  • Repeated-dose studies indicated no cumulative effects, with the nervous system as the primary target.

    • Conclusions:

    • Oxamyl poses significant acute toxicity risks, particularly via oral and inhalation routes.
    • Strict adherence to safety protocols, including personal protective equipment, is necessary.
    • The nervous system, via cholinesterase inhibition, is the primary target of oxamyl toxicity.