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New-Onset Heart Failure and Ischemic Stroke in Non-compaction Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report
Harjinder P Singh1, Diva Maraj1, Elise Hawes2
1Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Jackson, USA.
Cureus
|March 30, 2023
Summary
Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy can rapidly cause reduced ejection fraction, increasing stroke risk. This case highlights the need for vigilant monitoring in patients with this heart condition.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Embryology
- Genetics
Background:
- Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is an embryological disorder affecting endocardial trabeculation.
- LVNC can lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, and thromboembolism.
- Reduced ejection fraction (EF) in LVNC patients necessitates lifelong anticoagulation due to high thromboembolic risk.
Observation:
- A patient with non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCC) and previously normal EF experienced an ischemic stroke.
- Post-stroke evaluation revealed new-onset reduced EF in this patient.
- The rapid decline in EF may evade routine screening protocols.
Findings:
- The case demonstrates a rapid progression of LVNC, leading to a significant decrease in EF.
- This rapid change in cardiac function was associated with a major thromboembolic event (ischemic stroke).
- The findings underscore the potential for acute deterioration in LVNC patients.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider heightened vigilance for rapid EF decline in LVNC patients, even those with prior normal EF.
- Prompt assessment and potential anticoagulation adjustment are crucial following thromboembolic events in LVNC.
- Further research into early detection of rapid EF changes in LVNC is warranted to prevent adverse outcomes.
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