Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development

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The role of interleukin-1 in perinatal inflammation and its impact on transitional circulation

Josephine C Owen1,2, Steven P Garrick1,2, Briana M Peterson1,2

  • 1Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|March 30, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth complications can impair infant circulatory transition. Targeting interleukin-1 (IL-1) inflammation shows promise for improving outcomes in premature infants born due to chorioamnionitis or fetal growth restriction.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Physiology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Preterm birth (<37 weeks gestational age) affects millions globally, increasing risks of early life diseases.
  • Improved survival in extremely premature infants is linked to higher incidence of short- and long-term morbidities.
  • The transition from fetal to neonatal circulation is critical and can be impaired by conditions like chorioamnionitis and fetal growth restriction (FGR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline mechanistic pathways of impaired circulatory transition in preterm infants.
  • To explore the role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in chorioamnionitis and FGR-related circulatory abnormalities.
  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting IL-1 for improving perinatal circulatory transition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of mechanistic pathways linking chorioamnionitis and FGR to circulatory transition abnormalities.
  • Analysis of the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-1, in perinatal inflammation.
  • Exploration of preclinical findings on the efficacy of anti-inflammatory strategies targeting IL-1.

Main Results:

  • Maternal chorioamnionitis and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are common causes of preterm birth associated with impaired circulatory transition.
  • Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of chorioamnionitis-related perinatal inflammatory diseases.
  • Inflammation, potentially mediated by IL-1, is implicated in FGR and in-utero hypoxia, affecting circulatory adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormalities in transitional circulation are linked to common preterm birth causes like chorioamnionitis and FGR.
  • Targeting IL-1-driven inflammation presents a promising therapeutic strategy for improving circulatory transition in at-risk preterm infants.
  • Early and effective anti-inflammatory interventions hold potential for mitigating short- and long-term sequelae of impaired perinatal adaptation.

Keywords:
chorioamnionitisfetal growth restrictioninterleukin-1perinatal inflammationtransitional circulation

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