Insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Cardiology
• Metabolic Health

Background:

• Insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are significant public health concerns.
• A causal link exists between IR and CVD, with complex mediating mechanisms still under investigation.
• IR involves impaired insulin signaling in key tissues, leading to hyperglycemia and compensatory hyperinsulinemia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current scientific and clinical evidence on insulin resistance.
• To explore the mechanisms connecting IR with CVD.
• To discuss holistic and personalized management strategies for IR.

Main Methods:

• This is a narrative review.
• It synthesizes existing research on IR and its link to CVD.
• Focuses on mechanisms and management approaches.

Main Results:

• IR contributes to cardiometabolic disorders such as obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and hypertension.
• These conditions are predisposing factors for atherosclerosis and CVD.
• Current management involves lifestyle modifications and pharmacological agents, but no specific IR-approved drugs exist.

Conclusions:

• Effective IR management requires a personalized, holistic approach.
• Understanding the mechanisms linking IR and CVD is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
• Further research is needed for specific treatments for IR.