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Related Concept Videos

Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Standardizing Limbal Niche Cell (LNC) Isolation and Characterization to Support Widespread LNC Research
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Extra Eyelid-Derived Muscle Stem Cells.

Takahiko Sato1,2,3, Yukito Yamanaka3, Morio Ueno3

  • 1International Center for Cell & Gene Therapy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|March 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) from extra eyelid tissue show promising myogenic regeneration potential. These cells could be valuable for developing new therapies for muscular disorders.

Keywords:
BlepharoplastyCD56CD82Muscle stem cellsOrbicularis ocular musclePax7Skeletal muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are crucial for muscle repair and regeneration.
  • Existing sources for human MuSCs may have limitations for therapeutic applications.
  • Identifying novel sources of MuSCs with high myogenic potential is essential for advancing cell-based therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the myogenic differentiation potential of specific cell populations from extraocular eyelid tissues.
  • To evaluate CD56+CD82+ cells isolated from extra eyelids as potential candidates for human muscle stem cell research.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of CD56+CD82+ cells from human extra eyelid tissues (orbicularis oculi).
  • In vitro assessment of the myogenic differentiation capacity of these isolated cells.

Main Results:

  • The isolated CD56+CD82+ cells from extra eyelid tissues demonstrated significant in vitro myogenic differentiation potential.
  • These cells exhibit characteristics suitable for muscle regeneration.

Conclusions:

  • Primary human myogenic cells derived from extra eyelid tissues, specifically CD56+CD82+ cells, represent a promising source for muscle stem cell research.
  • These findings suggest potential applications in cell therapy for muscular disorders.