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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Investigating Intestinal Inflammation in DSS-induced Model of IBD

Investigating Intestinal Inflammation in DSS-induced Model of IBD

Published on: February 1, 2012

Microvascular studies in non-specific inflammatory bowel disease.

N D Carr, B R Pullan, P F Schofield

|May 1, 1986

Summary

Investigating bowel microvasculature in inflammatory bowel disease revealed reduced blood vessel volume in segmental Crohn's disease, particularly in older patients. This suggests potential ischemia contributing to disease development.

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Vascular Biology
Pathology

Background:

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, involves complex pathological processes.
The role of microvascular changes in the pathogenesis of IBD requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate and compare the intramural microvasculature in normal bowel, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease.
To assess the relationship between microvascular volume, disease state, and patient age.

Main Methods:

Examination of microvasculature in postoperative colectomy specimens using barium sulphate perfusion and microradiography.
Quantification of microvascular volume via a radiograph fluorescence system to estimate barium concentration.

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Main Results:

Intramural vascular patterns were abnormal in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
A significant negative correlation between barium concentration (microvascular volume) and age was observed in normal bowel and segmental Crohn's disease.
Microvascular volume was significantly reduced in segmental Crohn's disease but not in diffuse Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions:

Microvascular abnormalities are present in inflammatory bowel disease.
Reduced microvascular volume in segmental Crohn's disease, especially in older individuals, suggests a potential role for ischemia in its pathogenesis.