Translation into Spanish and validation of the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI)
Maria Montserrat Soriano-Reixach1, Juan José Navarro Sampedro2, Miren Sonsoles Goiburu Minguez2
1Otology Unit, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain; Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Otorhinolaryngology Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
Objective:
The objectives of this study were to translate into Spanish, cross-culturally adapt and validate the TFI.
Materials And Methods:
The TFI questionnaire translated into Spanish (Sp-TFI) and cross-culturally adapted following the published guidelines on cross-cultural adaptation of health questionnaires was evaluated using two indicators. Its internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's α considering the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) as the gold standard. Further, its test-retest reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). ICCs were also calculated for the THI and visual analogue scales (VAS) for tinnitus tested and retested in all participants.
Results:
The mean age of the 18 participants was 45.77 (SD: 11.87) years; 12 were female (66.67 %) and 6 were male (33.33%). Half of the participants experienced tinnitus in their left ear and half in their right. The mean pure-tone average (PTA) in the affected ear was 29.34 (SD: 8.08) dB-HL. Regarding internal consistency and reliability of the Sp-TFI respectively, Cronbach's α was 0.83 and the ICC type (2,1) was 1 (CI: 0.99-1). Among the variables studied, we found the following independent predictors had statistically significant effects on THI score: sex (p < 0.01), PTA (p = 0.03), overall Sp-TFI score (p = 0.02) and Sp-TFI SL, R and A subscale scores (p = 0.03, p = 0.03, and p < 0.01, respectively).
Conclusion:
Based on the internal consistency and reliability results obtained in this study, the cross-culturally adapted Spanish version of the TFI (Sp-TFI) has been validated for use in Spain.
Level Of Evidence:
2B: Individual cohort study/low-quality randomized control studies.
