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Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Chronic Salmonella Infected Mouse Model
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Live and pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila decrease susceptibility to Salmonella Typhimurium infection in mice.

Jiaxiu Liu1, Hongli Liu1, Huanhuan Liu1

  • 1National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.

Journal of Advanced Research
|March 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Live and pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila protect against Salmonella Typhimurium infection by reducing pathogen load and inflammation. These findings suggest Akkermansia-based probiotics or postbiotics could prevent salmonellosis.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host defense against pathogenic bacteria.
  • Commensal species are increasingly recognized as key mediators of protection against microbial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of live (AKK) and pasteurized (pAKK) Akkermansia muciniphila against Salmonella Typhimurium infection.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the protective actions of AKK and pAKK.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were pretreated with PBS, AKK, or pAKK, followed by S. Typhimurium infection.
  • Analyses included gut microbiota profiling, bacterial counts, histopathology, gene expression, and antimicrobial peptide assessment.
  • Co-housing experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of the microbiota.
Keywords:
Akkermansia muciniphilaGut barriersGut microbiotaInflammasomesRegIII lectinsSalmonella Typhimurium

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Main Results:

  • Both AKK and pAKK significantly reduced Salmonella burdens and inflammation.
  • AKK enhanced gut barrier function and antimicrobial peptide secretion; its effects were partly microbiota-dependent.
  • pAKK boosted NLRP3 inflammasome activation, macrophage antimicrobial activity, and cytokine production.

Conclusions:

  • Live and pasteurized A. muciniphila are effective in preventing S. Typhimurium-induced disease.
  • Akkermansia-based probiotics or postbiotics show potential for preventing salmonellosis.