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Combined hearing and vision screening programs: A scoping review.

Ilze Oosthuizen^1,2,3, Caitlin Frisby^1,2,3, Shelly Chadha⁴

¹Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.

Frontiers in Public Health

|March 31, 2023

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Combined hearing and vision screening shows potential for early detection and cost savings, but requires more research, especially in low-income countries. Standardized reporting is recommended for better effectiveness.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Ophthalmology
Audiology

Background:

Globally, 1.5 billion and 2.2 billion people experience hearing and vision impairment, respectively.
Non-communicable diseases like hearing and vision impairment disproportionately affect low- and middle-income countries due to limited services.
The World Health Organization advocates for universal health coverage and integrated services to enhance ear and eye care.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the existing evidence on combined hearing and vision screening programs.
To identify benefits and challenges associated with integrated sensory screening.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive keyword search was conducted across Scopus, MEDLINE (PubMed), and Web of Science.
Data from 19 studies were extracted following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA guidelines.

Keywords:

combined sensory screening health screening hearing impairment hearing screening low-and middle-income countries vision impairment vision screening

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A narrative synthesis approach was employed to analyze the findings.

Main Results:

The majority of studies (63.2%) originated from high-income countries, with a focus on children (78.9%).
Common screening tools included the Tumbling E/Snellen Chart for vision and pure tone audiometry for hearing.
Key benefits identified were earlier detection and cost reduction, while challenges included ineffective follow-up and equipment management.

Conclusions:

Limited research exists for combined hearing and vision screening programs.
Further feasibility and implementation research are needed, particularly in low- and middle-income countries and across all age groups.
Standardized reporting guidelines are recommended to improve program effectiveness.