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Happiness and high reliability develop affective trust in in-vehicle agents
Scott Zieger1, Jiayuan Dong1, Skye Taylor1,2
1Mind Music Machine Lab, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
Frontiers in Psychology
|March 31, 2023
Summary
Driver emotions and in-vehicle agent reliability significantly impact trust in automated vehicles. Optimal affective trust requires happy drivers and reliable agents, influencing takeover performance.
Area of Science:
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Automotive Engineering
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- Advancing Conditionally Automated Vehicles (CAVs) necessitates understanding driver-vehicle interaction.
- Driver emotions and in-vehicle agent (IVA) reliability are critical factors influencing user experience and safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of driver emotions and IVA reliability on trust, workload, situation awareness (SA), and driving performance in Level 3 automated systems.
- To explore the interaction between emotional states and system reliability in shaping user perceptions.
Main Methods:
- A driving simulator study with 48 college students exposed to induced emotions (happy, angry, neutral).
- In-vehicle intelligent agents (humanoid robots) managed driving scenarios and takeover requests.
- Measurements included affective states, subjective ratings, trust, perceived workload (NASA-TLX), SA, and driving performance (jerk rate).
Main Results:
- An interaction between driver emotion and agent reliability affected affective trust and takeover jerk rate.
- Happy drivers with high-reliability agents exhibited higher affective trust and lower jerk rates.
- Cognitive trust and other driving performance metrics showed no significant differences across conditions.
Conclusions:
- Affective trust in automated systems is contingent upon a combination of positive driver emotions and high system reliability.
- Future automated vehicle design must integrate driver emotional states and system reliability for enhanced user acceptance and safety.
- Happy drivers reported higher physical demand, suggesting emotional state influences perceived workload.
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