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Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Published on: March 19, 2019

Exploiting antifungal immunity in the clinical context.

Michail S Lionakis¹

¹From the Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Seminars in Immunology

|March 31, 2023

Summary

Understanding genetic variations in immune responses is key to personalizing antifungal treatments for immunocompromised patients. This approach may lead to targeted prophylaxis and vaccination strategies against fungal infections.

Keywords:

Antifungal immunity Fungal infections Immunogenetic risk Immunotherapy

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Live Imaging of Antifungal Activity by Human Primary Neutrophils and Monocytes in Response to A. fumigatus

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Published on: April 19, 2017

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Genetics

Background:

Increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients face life-threatening opportunistic fungal infections.
Advances in understanding antifungal host defenses are paving the way for immune-based interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review how genetic variations influence susceptibility and severity of fungal infections.
To explore immunogenetic patient stratification for personalized antifungal strategies.
To synthesize emerging immunotherapeutic approaches for opportunistic fungal infections.

Main Methods:

Literature review of genetic variations in immune pathway-related genes.
Synthesis of current research on cytokine-based, cell-based, and other immunotherapies.
Analysis of clinical variability in fungal infection risk and severity.

Main Results:

Genetic variations in immune genes correlate with clinical variability in fungal infection risk and severity.
Immunogenetic stratification holds potential for personalized antifungal prophylaxis and vaccination.
Emerging immunotherapies show promise as adjunctive treatments for fungal infections.

Conclusions:

Personalized medicine approaches, informed by immunogenetics, are crucial for managing opportunistic fungal infections.
Targeted immunotherapies can enhance antifungal immune responses in at-risk populations.
Further research into host-pathogen-immune interactions is needed for effective clinical translation.