Grape phytochrome-interacting factor VvPIF1 negatively regulates carotenoid biosynthesis by repressing VvPSY
Yaxian Zhuge1, Hongjie Sheng2, Mengwei Zhang1
1College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Summary
Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) regulate grape fruit color. VvPIF1 negatively controls carotenoid biosynthesis by inhibiting phytoene synthase (PSY) gene expression, impacting grape development and secondary metabolism.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are key regulators of light-mediated plant development and secondary metabolism.
- The specific role of PIFs in grape (Vitis vinifera) fruit carotenogenesis, the pathway producing pigments like carotenoids, is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the function of the PIF family, specifically VvPIF1, in regulating carotenoid biosynthesis in grape fruits.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which VvPIF1 influences carotenoid accumulation and related gene expression.
Main Methods:
- Identification and expression analysis of PIF family genes in grapes.
- Correlation analysis between VvPIF1 expression, carotenoid content, and carotenogenic gene transcription (VvPSY1/2) during grape development.
- Investigating VvPIF1 localization, interaction with VvphyB, and effects of VvPIF1 overexpression in heterologous systems (tobacco) and grape/tomato.
- Biochemical assays to determine VvPIF1's direct binding to VvPSY1/2 promoters.
Main Results:
- VvPIF1 expression negatively correlated with carotenoid accumulation and VvPSY1/2 transcription during grape berry development.
- Light repressed VvPIF1 expression while inducing carotenogenic genes.
- Overexpression of VvPIF1 in transgenic grape leaves and tomato fruits led to decreased carotenoid concentrations and suppressed PSY transcription.
- VvPIF1 directly binds to the promoters of VvPSY1/2, inhibiting their transcription.
Conclusions:
- VvPIF1 acts as a negative regulator of carotenoid biosynthesis in grapes by repressing VvPSY expression.
- This study clarifies the role of PIFs in the intricate regulatory network governing grape fruit carotenoid metabolism and light response.
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