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Integrative transcriptomics analysis and experimental validation reveal immunomodulatory patterns in keratoconus.

Xi Chen1, Chang Liu1, Zedu Cui1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, China.

Experimental Eye Research
|March 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Keratoconus progression involves immune system changes, particularly infiltrated monocytes. Researchers identified key immune genes and potential drug targets, offering new avenues for keratoconus immunotherapy.

Keywords:
ImmunoregulatoryKeratoconusTranscriptomicsceRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disorder often viewed as noninflammatory.
  • Emerging evidence suggests immune disorders significantly influence keratoconus progression, though the exact mechanisms are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunoregulatory mechanisms underlying keratoconus progression using bioinformatics and experimental validation.
  • To identify key immune-related genes, cellular players, and potential therapeutic targets for keratoconus.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of transcriptomics data from keratoconus patients.
  • Identification and validation of hub immune-related genes.
  • Immune cell infiltration analysis, drug-gene interaction analysis, and construction of competitive endogenous RNA networks.

Main Results:

  • Nine credible keratoconus-associated immune-related genes were identified.
  • Infiltrated monocytes were highlighted as potentially crucial in keratoconus progression.
  • Eleven potential drug candidates targeting CCR2, CCR5, F2RL1, and ADORA1 were identified, along with regulatory noncoding RNAs.

Conclusions:

  • Immunomodulatory patterns are altered in keratoconus pathogenesis.
  • This study provides insights into keratoconus-related immune processes.
  • Novel immunotherapeutic strategies for keratoconus may be developed based on these findings.