Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Faraday's Law01:10

Faraday's Law

4.2K
Faraday's law state that the induced emf is the negative change in the magnetic flux per unit of time. Any change in the magnetic field or change in the orientation of the area of the coil with respect to the magnetic field induces a voltage (emf). The magnetic flux measures the number of magnetic field lines through a given surface area. Magnetic flux is estimated from the integral of the dot product of the magnetic field vector and the area vector. The negative sign describes the...
4.2K
Design Example01:23

Design Example

350
The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
350
Plane Electromagnetic Waves II01:29

Plane Electromagnetic Waves II

3.2K
Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.
3.2K
Sound Intensity00:58

Sound Intensity

4.1K
The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
4.1K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

287
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
287
Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires01:18

Magnetic Field Due to Two Straight Wires

2.7K
Consider two parallel straight wires carrying a current of 10 A and 20 A in the same direction and separated by a distance of 20 cm. Calculate the magnetic field at a point "P2", midway between the wires. Also, evaluate the magnetic field when the direction of the current is reversed in the second wire.
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Theoretical analysis and verification of convergence for the overall modeling algorithm in narrowband active noise control.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

An adaptive deep neural network for active road noise control.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Ordinary lattice defects as probes of topology.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2026
Same author

An optimal control point distribution method for two-channel crosstalk cancellation.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Sonodynamic Therapy with HMME@AMP Conjugate: Efficient Bactericidal Efficacy through Bacterial Structural Damage and Critical Gene Downregulation in Pathogenic Bacteria.

ACS applied bio materials·2026
Same author

A multi-sound-path approach for modeling thermal-induced artifacts in ultrasound imaging.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface
06:14

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface

Published on: July 30, 2020

5.0K

A modified convolution model for calculating the far field directivity of a parametric array loudspeaker.

Jiaxin Zhong1, Haishan Zou2, Jing Lu2

  • 1Centre for Audio, Acoustics, and Vibration, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|March 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Accurate prediction of parametric array loudspeaker (PAL) far-field directivity is improved using novel convolution models. These models efficiently calculate radiation patterns, enhancing audio sound directivity predictions.

More Related Videos

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
08:45

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example

Published on: October 24, 2012

14.7K
A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

6.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface
06:14

Simulating Imaging of Large Scale Radio Arrays on the Lunar Surface

Published on: July 30, 2020

5.0K
Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
08:45

Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example

Published on: October 24, 2012

14.7K
A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

6.6K

Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Signal Processing
  • Computational Physics

Background:

  • Far-field directivity is crucial for understanding parametric array loudspeaker (PAL) radiation patterns.
  • Accurate and computationally efficient prediction of PAL directivity remains a significant challenge.
  • Existing methods struggle to balance precision with computational cost for complex sound fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel convolution models for predicting the far-field directivity of parametric array loudspeakers.
  • To enhance the accuracy and computational efficiency of directivity calculations.
  • To investigate the influence of aperture factors on audio sound directivity, including sidelobe formation.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of 2D, 3D, and 3D axisymmetric convolution models based on the Westervelt equation.
  • Formulation of directivity expressions as linear and spherical convolutions of ultrasound and Westervelt directivities.
  • Incorporation of an effective directivity factor accounting for the audio sound aperture.

Main Results:

  • The proposed modified convolution models show excellent agreement with exact solutions derived from wave expansions.
  • Numerical simulations with various source profiles (piston, apodized, steerable) validate the models' accuracy.
  • The models successfully predict the emergence of sidelobes in audio directivity at large apertures and high frequencies.

Conclusions:

  • The developed convolution models offer a computationally efficient and accurate method for predicting PAL far-field directivity.
  • The inclusion of the aperture factor effectively captures complex phenomena like sidelobe generation.
  • This research provides a valuable tool for designing and optimizing parametric array loudspeakers.