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Biomaterial-enabled therapeutic modulation of cGAS-STING signaling for enhancing antitumor immunity
Yingqi Liu1, Yang Fei1, Xuan Wang1
1School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China.
Abstract:
cGAS-STING signaling is a central component in the therapeutic action of most existing cancer therapies. The accumulated knowledge of tumor immunoregulatory network in recent years has spurred the development of cGAS-STING agonists for tumor treatment as an effective immunotherapeutic strategy. However, the clinical translation of these agonists is thus far unsatisfactory because of the low immunostimulatory efficacy and unrestricted side effects under clinically relevant conditions. Interestingly, the rational integration of biomaterial technology offers a promising approach to overcome these limitations for more effective and safer cGAS-STING-mediated tumor therapy. Herein, we first outline the cGAS-STING signaling axis and generally discuss its association with tumors. We then symmetrically summarize the recent progress in those biomaterial-based cGAS-STING agonism strategies to generate robust antitumor immunity, categorized by the chemical nature of those cGAS-STING stimulants and carrier substrates. Finally, a perspective is provided to discuss the existing challenges and potential opportunities in cGAS-STING modulation for tumor therapy.
Insights
Biomaterials enhance cGAS-STING agonists for cancer therapy by boosting immune response and reducing side effects. This review explores biomaterial strategies for effective and safe cGAS-STING-mediated tumor treatment.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Biomaterials Science
- Oncology
Background:
- Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling is crucial for cancer therapy efficacy.
- Developing cGAS-STING agonists is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for tumors.
- Current clinical translation faces challenges due to low efficacy and side effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review biomaterial-based strategies for enhancing cGAS-STING agonism in cancer therapy.
- To discuss the association between cGAS-STING signaling and tumors.
- To provide perspectives on challenges and opportunities in cGAS-STING modulation for tumor treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent literature on biomaterial-based cGAS-STING agonism.
- Categorization of strategies by chemical nature of stimulants and carrier substrates.
- Analysis of cGAS-STING signaling pathways in tumor immunology.
Main Results:
- Biomaterial integration offers a promising approach to overcome limitations of cGAS-STING agonists.
- Strategies are categorized based on the chemical properties of stimulants and carriers.
- Biomaterial-based approaches aim for safer and more effective tumor therapy.
Conclusions:
- Biomaterial technology can significantly improve the clinical translation of cGAS-STING agonists.
- Rational design of biomaterials is key to enhancing immunostimulatory efficacy and safety.
- Further research is needed to address existing challenges and explore new opportunities.
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