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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
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Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
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Rehabilitation after Shoulder Instability Surgery.

Jeffrey R Hill1, John Motley2, Jay D Keener1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University, 660 S Euclid Avenue, CB 8233, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America
|April 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Shoulder instability in young, active patients often stems from damage to the capsulolabral complex and dynamic stabilizers. Addressing these specific deficiencies is key to managing pain and improving function.

Keywords:
Glenohumeral instabilityMultidirectional instabilityNeuromuscular electrical stimulationRehabilitationShoulder instabilityTraumatic anterior instability

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Sports medicine
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Shoulder instability encompasses dislocations, microinstability, and laxity, impacting pain and function.
  • Contributing factors include bony morphology, soft tissue health, muscle coordination, and patient-specific elements.
  • This review targets young, active individuals with capsulolabral and dynamic stabilizer deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the pathophysiology of shoulder instability in young, active patients.
  • To highlight the role of capsulolabral complex and dynamic stabilizer deficiencies.
  • To provide a focused review on managing this specific patient population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on shoulder instability in young, active patients.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to instability, including anatomical and biomechanical elements.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding capsulolabral and dynamic stabilizer roles.

Main Results:

  • Shoulder instability is multifactorial, involving bony, soft tissue, muscular, and patient factors.
  • Deficiencies in the capsulolabral complex are a primary cause in the target demographic.
  • Dynamic stabilizer dysfunction significantly contributes to recurrent instability and pain.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the specific causes of shoulder instability in young athletes is crucial.
  • Targeted treatment addressing capsulolabral and dynamic stabilizer deficits can improve outcomes.
  • A comprehensive approach considering all contributing factors is necessary for effective management.