Neurogenesis, A Potential Target for Intermittent Hypoxia Leading to Cognitive Decline

As a sleep breathing disorder, characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is believed to decrease the cognitive function of patients. Many factors are thought to be responsible for cognitive decline in OSA patients. Neurogenesis, a process by which neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into new neurons in the brain, is a major determinant affecting cognitive function. However, there is no clear relationship between IH or OSA and neurogenesis. In recent years, increasing numbers of studies on IH and neurogenesis are documented. Therefore, this review summarizes the effects of IH on neurogenesis; then discusses the influencing factors that may cause these effects and the potential signaling pathways that may exist. Finally, based on this impact, we discuss potential methods and future directions for improving cognition.