[Recent advances in the development and application of effervescence-assisted microextraction techniques]

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Sample Preparation Techniques
• Separation Science

Context:

• Effervescence-assisted microextraction (EAM) is a novel sample pretreatment technique.
• It utilizes CO2 bubble generation for rapid extractant dispersion, increasing surface area and enhancing extraction efficiency.
• EAM is advantageous due to its convenience, low cost, reduced solvent use, and environmental friendliness.

Purpose:

• To review the development and application of EAM, particularly with advanced extractants like nanomaterials and ionic liquids.
• To summarize the current state of EAM combined with analytical techniques (HPLC, AAS) for detecting harmful substances in complex samples.
• To analyze challenges and forecast future trends in EAM technology for microextraction.

Summary:

• EAM enhances the extraction of target molecules by increasing contact area and adsorption/extraction efficiency.
• The method has been applied to various complex samples including food, environmental, and biological matrices.
• Optimization involves factors like effervescent tablet composition, pH, temperature, and extractant type, followed by validation using parameters like LOD and LOQ.

Impact:

• EAM enables the sensitive detection of various analytes, including heavy metal ions, pesticides, and endocrine-disrupting compounds.
• The review highlights the successful application of EAM in analyzing real-world samples like dairy products, honey, water, and biological fluids.
• EAM shows significant potential for monitoring pollutants in food, environmental, and biological samples, offering accuracy, feasibility, and superiority.